I'm looking for a way to wire my starter so that if it chokes again I can send power directly from my battery to kick it, rather than having to take the whole thing out. How could I do this ?
The starter has two terminals. One is power and the other one is "signal". Power is directly connected to the batery (the big cable). The signal is connected to the solenoid on the starter. When you turn the key this one gets power and the solenoid pushes the starter gear to match the flywheel gear and makes the power contact so the starter begins to turn. But if the solenoid chokes you can only hit it an hope it helps. But I would remove and fix it.
As I see thats a normal SR starter only the picture looks like outer space
OK
When you look from left the first red market screw should be connected to battery + with a thick cable. This is the power lead for the starter. The second red marked screw is connected to the starter motor. When you apply battery + to this one the starter will start to turn. But be careful if doing so. Use a thick wire (The start current will be extremely high 200A and more) when removing the wire under load or bad contact an big electric arc can appear and burn you. Or if you touch the chassis with the bat+ wire the wire will burn and the battery can explode. So be very carful when working with wires connected to bat+ !!! The wire that goes to the gray connector is the "signal" wire. When you connect this one to bat+ the solenoid should kick in the starter and then the two red marked screws are connected internally and the starter begins to turn. If you trying to start the starter when not mounted to the block fix it good, before applying electricity to it. The bat - has to be connected to the case.
But I do not recommend applying electricity to the starter when the connections are not fixed and anything is made safe!
Linear Mode
